Secondary Sources

The author states there are transformations in the architecture of Upper Fort Garry during its occupancy (1836-1881) due to economic and social changes. The first topic discusses the history of the area: the Fur Trade (Hudson’s Bay Company 1767-1821), Fort Gibraltar I (1810), The Northwest Company, the Selkirk Settlement, and Fort Douglas. This section also explores the problems of food costs, crop failures, the merging of the Hudson’s Bay Company and the Northwest Company, and the hierarchy of the people (religious and nationality). The rest of the topics are as follows: Analysis of Upper Fort Garry; External Communication Form (comparing Lower and Upper Fort Garry); External Communication: Space; Internal Communication: Form and Space; and a Summary and Conclusion.

This study uses ethnobotany to compare the socioeconomic status between the Métis and the individuals at Upper Fort Garry. The three sites used for this analysis are Upper Fort Garry and two Métis farms along the Red River (Delorme House and the Garden Site). The topics discussed are: The Red River Settlement AD 1845 – 1882, The Archaeological Sites, Archaeological Expectations (1. fruit and nuts [tomato, watermelon, plum, peach, Brazil, almond, walnut, pecan] & 2. charcoal), and Site Comparison and Discussion. There is a map of Southern Manitoba in 1858 and comparison charts.

Ethnobotany is used to study two fur trade situations, to determine if the use of native and imported plants were dictated by environment, economic and/or social factors. There is an Introduction, and sections on The Early Fur Traders and The Hudson’s Bay Company Elite.